Clinical Oncology
Volume 19, Issue 7 , Pages 542-550 , September 2007

An Atlas of the Pelvic Lymph Node Regions to Aid Radiotherapy Target Volume Definition

  • A. Taylor

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationAuthor for correspondence: A. Taylor, Department of Radiotherapy, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK. Tel: +44-20-8383-8132.
  • ,
  • A.G. Rockall

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
  • ,
  • M.E.B. Powell

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK

Received 6 April 2007 ,Accepted 2 May 2007.

References 

  1. Mundt AJ, Lujan AE, Rotmensch J, et al. Intensity-modulated whole pelvic radiotherapy in women with gynecologic malignancies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:1330–1337
  2. Portelance L, Chao KS, Grigsby PW, et al. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduces small bowel, rectum, and bladder doses in patients with cervical cancer receiving pelvic and para-aortic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:261–266
  3. Nutting CM, Convery DJ, Cosgrove VP, et al. Reduction of small and large bowel irradiation using an optimized intensity-modulated pelvic radiotherapy technique in patients with prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:649–656
  4. Scheidler J, Hricak H, Yu KK, et al. Radiological evaluation of lymph node metastases in patients with cervical cancer. A meta-analysis. JAMA. 1997;278:1096–1101
  5. Williams AD, Cousins C, Soutter WP, et al. Detection of pelvic lymph node metastases in gynecologic malignancy: a comparison of CT, MR imaging, and positron emission tomography. Am J Roentgenol. 2001;177:343–348
  6. Bipat S, Glas AS, van der Velden J, et al. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in staging of uterine cervical carcinoma: a systematic review. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;91:59–66
  7. Mack MG, Balzer JO, Straub R, et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging of head and neck lymph nodes. Radiology. 2002;222:239–244
  8. Rockall AG, Sohaib SA, Harisinghani MG, et al. Diagnostic performance of nanoparticle-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of lymph node metastases in patients with endometrial and cervical cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:2813–2821
  9. Taylor A, Rockall AG, Reznek RH, et al. Mapping pelvic lymph nodes: guidelines for delineation in intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;63:1604–1612
  10. Vilarino-Varela MJ, Taylor A, Rockall AG, et al. Whole pelvis IMRT: verification of guidelines for lymph node delineation. Clin Oncol. 2005;17(Suppl. 1):3–4
  11. Hong JH, Tsai CS, Lai CH, et al. Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of cervix after definitive radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;60:249–257
  12. Benedetti-Panici P, Maneschi F, Scambia G, et al. Lymphatic spread of cervical cancer: an anatomical and pathological study based on 225 radical hysterectomies with systematic pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol. 1996;62:19–24
  13. Sakuragi N, Satoh C, Takeda N, et al. Incidence and distribution pattern of pelvic and paraaortic lymph node metastasis in patients with stages IB, IIA, and IIB cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy. Cancer. 1999;85:1547–1554
  14. Mariani A, Webb MJ, Keeney GL, et al. Routes of lymphatic spread: a study of 112 consecutive patients with endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;81:100–104
  15. Matsumoto K, Yoshikawa H, Yasugi T, et al. Distinct lymphatic spread of endometrial carcinoma in comparison with cervical and ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Lett. 2002;180:83–89
  16. Pendlebury SC, Cahill S, Crandon AJ, et al. Role of bipedal lymphangiogram in radiation treatment planning for cervix cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993;27:959–962
  17. Bonin SR, Lanciano RM, Corn BW, et al. Bony landmarks are not an adequate substitute for lymphangiography in defining pelvic lymph node location for the treatment of cervical cancer with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;34:167–172
  18. Greer BE, Koh WJ, Figge DC, et al. Gynecologic radiotherapy fields defined by intraoperative measurements. Gynecol Oncol. 1990;38:421–424

PII: S0936-6555(07)00642-5

doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2007.05.002

Clinical Oncology
Volume 19, Issue 7 , Pages 542-550 , September 2007